Adjectives change depending on the gender or on the number of the noun they serve.
Masculine adjectives usually: – end in -o
Aquel niño es muy guapo. (That boy is very handsome).
Mi hermano es muy alto. (My brother is very tall).
Mi profesor es italiano. (My professor is italian).
– end in -or
Este chico es muy encantador. (This boy is very charming).
Mi jefe es muy trabajador. (My boss is very hardworking).
– end in –án, -én, -ín, -ón and –ún
Hans es alemán. (Hans is german).
El bebé es muy llorón. (The baby is very weepy).
Feminine adjectives usually: – end in -a instead of -o
Aquella chica es muy guapa. (This girl is very beautiful).
Mi prima es muy alta. (My cousin is very tall).
Mi professora es italiana. (My professor is italian).
– end with an extra -a
Aquella mujer es muy encantadora. (This woman is very lovely).
Mi hermana es muy trabajadora. (My sister is very hardworking).
Mi amiga es alemana. (My friend is german).
La niña es una llorona. (The girl is weepy).
There are adjectives that do not change in the feminine form. These end in –a, -e, -i, -u, -ista, -l, -n, -r, -s, -z.
Amable /Amable (Friendly)
Socialista / Socialista (Socialist)
Azul/ Azul (Blue)
Familiar/ Familiar (Familiar)
Feliz/ Feliz (Happy)
Gris/Gris (Gray)
In Spanish, adjectives can follow or come before the noun they serve.
After: the noun is used to distinguish between two objects.
¿Qué jersey prefieres, el (jersey) verde o el (jersey) azul? (Which sweater do you prefer: the green one or the blue one?)
Ella vive en un edificio pequeño. (She lives in a small building).
Before: the noun is used to specify a quality.
La vieja televisión ya no funciona. (The old television doesn’t work anymore).
Mi hermano es un buen escritor. (My brother is a good writer).
But some adjectives can only follow the noun:
Color: El coche es rojo. (The car is red).
Shape: La mesa es cuadrada. (The table is a square).
State: El vaso está vacío. (The glass is empty).